a minor curiosity about labels in DTS files ... as an example, let's pick on some powerpc 8544-related files under arch/powerpc/boot/dts/fsl, and show some snippets: mpc8544ds.dts: ============= /include/ "mpc8544si-pre.dtsi" <---- irrelevant / { model = "MPC8544DS"; compatible = "MPC8544DS", "MPC85xxDS"; memory { device_type = "memory"; reg = <0 0 0 0>; // Filled by U-Boot }; board_lbc: lbc: localbus@e0005000 { reg = <0 0xe0005000 0 0x1000>; ranges = <0x0 0x0 0x0 0xff800000 0x800000>; }; ... big snip ... /* * mpc8544ds.dtsi must be last to ensure board_pci3 overrides pci3 settings * for interrupt-map & interrupt-map-mask */ /include/ "mpc8544si-post.dtsi" /include/ "mpc8544ds.dtsi" /* end of file */ so i can see that that "localbus" line above defines, not one, but two labels for that node, correct? not sure why, until i keep reading files: mpc8544si-post.dtsi: ==================== &lbc { #address-cells = <2>; #size-cells = <1>; compatible = "fsl,mpc8544-lbc", "fsl,pq3-localbus", "simple-bus"; interrupts = <19 2 0 0>; }; ... snip rest of file ... so that included file uses the label "lbc" to extend the node for localbus, which is perfectly fine, and then we get to the last included file: mpc8544ds.dtsi: ============== &board_lbc { nor@0,0 { #address-cells = <1>; #size-cells = <1>; compatible = "cfi-flash"; reg = <0x0 0x0 0x800000>; bank-width = <2>; device-width = <1>; ... lots more snip ... is there some technical reason that these files were written so that one included file used the "lbc" label and the other used the "board_lbc" label to refer to what appears to be the same localbus node? i'm sure it works, but is there some reason to define more than one label for a node for later manipulation? rday