i started a wiki page on kernel threads with the initial assumption that it was going to be short and sweet ... didn't turn out that way: http://www.crashcourse.ca/wiki/index.php/Kernel_threads probably still need to do a fair bit of cleanup. enjoy. rday -- ======================================================================== Robert P. J. Day Ottawa, Ontario, CANADA http://crashcourse.ca Twitter: http://twitter.com/rpjday LinkedIn: http://ca.linkedin.com/in/rpjday ========================================================================